Association Study of miR-124-a-3 Gene rs34059726 Polymorphism with Prostate Cancer in Gonbad Kavous

Background: MiRNAs are one of the most important genetic regulators that regulate more than 50 percent of the human genome. MiR-124-a-3 is a tumor suppressor miRNA which its expression dramatically reduced in prostate cancer tumor cells. Since miRNA binding to the transcript of target genes by seed sequence, any mutations and changes in this region could be effective on its performance and identify target genes. Methods: Case-control study, used for assessment of association rs3405976 polymorphism in miR-124-a-3 gene with prostate cancer occurrence in 40 paraffin embedded tissue cancer samples and 5 ml control blood samples. After DNA extraction, the polymorphism determined with PCR-RFLP technique. Results: The GG genotype distribution in rs34059726 position of miR-124-a-3 gene showed in all patients and normal individuals. Blood group A with 42.2% have the most frequency in malignant patients and also, frequency of addicted patients reported 15% in malignant and 5% in benign patients. Conclusion: rs34059726 polymorphism in miR-124-a-3 does not have associated with incidence of prostate cancer in the Gonbad kavous population and possibly other mechanisms are involved in decreased expression of miR-124-a-3 in prostate cancer in this population. In this population, addiction is a risk factor for prostate cancer and patients frequently have blood group A.